CHAPTER V
A ROYAL REMNANT THAT ESCAPES
When Nebuzar-adan, the captain of the Chaldean guard,
gave Jeremiah privilege to go where he pleased, and provided him with all that
was needful for the journey, the record further declares: "Then went Jeremiah
unto Gedeliah, the son of Ahikam, to Mizpah, and dwelt with him among the
people that were left in the land," (Jer. 40:6). The next verse of the same chapter states that the people who
were still in the land were "the poor of the land, of them that were not carried
away captive to Babylon."
This Gedeliah, the son of Ahikam, was the man whom
the King of Babylon had made governor of what little there was left in Judea;
for he had taken the masses of the people into captivity to Babylon and made
servants of them.
It seems that, since the capital city of Judea was
now destroyed, Gedeliah had been compelled to set up a provincial government in
some other city and had chosen Mizpah. Also, when the refugees from among the
Jews who had fled into Moab, Ammon and Edom heard that the King of Babylon had
left a remnant in Judea and had set a governor over them, then they returned
and put themselves under him. So also
did the several captains of small outlying forces until, all told, there was
quite a goodly number in this remnant, as it was called.
But the little province did not prosper long, for the
King of Ammon entered into a plot with Ishmael, the son of Nethaniah, to
assassinate its new governor. Johanan, the son of Kareah, discovered this plot
and told Gedeliah. At the same time he
offered to slay secretly this Ishmael, the would-be assassin; but Gedeliah
would not permit it, would not believe Johanan's story, and accused him of
speaking falsely concerning Ishmael.
However, it was only a short time until the plot was
successfully carried out; for Ishmael and nine of his confederates slew not
only the governor, but all the Chaldeans, all the men of war, and all the Jews
that were with him. His object in all this was that he might easily make
captives of the rest of the people, who were unarmed, and carry them away into
Ammon to increase and strengthen the kingdom of the Ammonites.
To show that this was the object, we quote the full
text of the tenth verse of the forty-first chapter of Jeremiah. Still it is
not of any very special interest to us to know that such was his object, but
there is something in that text which is of the greatest possible interest to
us. The reason for Jeremiah's going to Mizpah is there. The key to the possible
fulfillment of Jehovah's promise to David is there. The possibilities of the
success of Jeremiah's commission are there.
The Divine support to our faith and an opening door for the complete
vindication of God are there.
"Then Ishmael carried away captive all the
residue of the people that were in Mizpah, even the King's Daughters,
and all the people that remained in Mizpah, whom Nebuzar-adan, the captain of
the guard, has committed to Gedeliah, the son of Ahikam; and Ishmael, the son
of Nethaniah, carried them away captive and departed to go over to the
Ammonites."
What! "The King's daughters?" we
hear you exclaim.
Yes; but wait until we shall gather into one focus a
few other points, and then we can see the way perfectly clear for Jeremiah to
finish completely his God-given task.
When Johanan and the other captains of the fighting
forces heard what Ishmael had done they gathered themselves together, started
in pursuit and overtook him at Gibeon.
At this juncture the Scripture says:
"Now it came to pass that when all the people
which were with Ishmael saw Johanan, the son of Kareah, and all the captains of
the forces that were with him, then they were glad. So all the people that Ishmael had carried away captive from
Mizpah cast about and returned, and went unto Johanan, the son of Kareah. But
Ishmael, the son of Nethaniah, escaped from Johanan with eight men and went
unto the Ammonites," (Jer. 41:13,15).
After Johanan had retaken this captive company, and
Ishmael, the traitor, had escaped, then he became afraid of the Chaldeans, and feared
that the King of the Chaldean Empire, Nebuchadnezzar, who had placed Gedeliah
over them, would, upon hearing what Ishmael had done, send his army and destroy
them. So, under the distress and despair of the hour, Johanan, who was now
their recognized leader, with all the captains and the people, from the least
unto the greatest, made an appeal unto the prophet of God, "and said unto
Jeremiah the prophet, Let, we beseech thee, our supplication be accepted before
thee, and now pray for us unto the Lord thy God, even for all this remnant (for
we are left but a few of many, as thine eyes do behold us); that the Lord thy
God may show us the way wherein we may walk, and the thing that we may
do."
In reply to this appeal Jeremiah told them that he
would pray for them and inquire of the Lord for them, but that they must obey
the Lord; for he would tell them just what the Lord said, whether it was good
or bad, and that he would keep nothing back. To which they replied:
"Whether it be good, or whether it be evil, we will obey the voice of the
Lord our God, to whom we send thee; that it may be well with us when we obey
the voice of the Lord our God." Then Jeremiah besought the Lord, and the
Lord heard and gave instructions. Among other things the Lord told him to say
to them, "Be not afraid of the King of Babylon, of whom ye are afraid; be
not afraid of him, saith the Lord; for I am with you to save you, and to
deliver you from his hand." He also told them not to go down to Egypt, as
was their intention, thinking they would be safe if they placed themselves
under the protection of the King of Egypt.
Furthermore, he told them that if they did go to
Egypt the very thing which they feared would come upon them, and they should be
destroyed, saying: "If ye wholly set your faces to enter into Egypt, and
go to sojourn there, then it shall come to pass that the sword which ye feared
shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine whereof ye were
afraid shall follow close after you there in Egypt, and there shall ye die.”
The Lord also told Jeremiah that these people were
dissembling in their hearts, when they sent him to pray for them and to make
their request. So we are not surprised
that it is recorded that Johanan said unto Jeremiah: "Thou speakest
falsely: the Lord our God hath not sent thee to say, Go not into Egypt to
sojourn there: But Baruch, the son of
Neriah, setteth thee against us, for to deliver us into the hands of the
Chaldeans, that they might put us to death, and carry us away captive into Babylon."
Neither are we surprised to read the result, which is
recorded as follows: "But Johanan, the son of Kareah, and all the captains
of the forces took all the remnant of Judah that were returned from all the nations
whither they had been driven, to dwell in the land of Judah; even men, women
and children, and the KING'S DAUGHTERS, and every person that Nebuzaradan, the
captain, had left with Gedeliah, the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, and
JEREMIAH, the prophet, and Baruch, the son of Neriah. So they came into the
land of Egypt; for they obeyed not the voice of the Lord. Thus came they even to Tahpanhes,"
(Jer. 43:5-8).
Baruch, the scribe, was the companion of Jeremiah in
prison, when the Lord took them out and hid them. He was also his companion in
persecution and affliction and accusation.
Now, since we find his name mentioned as one of this company which
Johanan compelled to go to Egypt against the direct command of God, there is
just one prophecy concerning him which we need to mention before we proceed
further. It is as follows: "Thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel, unto
thee, O Baruch: Behold, that which I have built will I break down, and that
which I have planted I will pluck up, even this whole land . . . but thy life
will I give unto thee for a prey [booty or reward] in all places whither thou
goest," (Jer. 45:2, 4, 5).
Furthermore, when that company had reached Egypt and
were at Tahpanhes, the Lord again used Jeremiah to prophesy concerning their
destruction, and also concerning the King of Babylon and his coming against
Pharaoh-Hophra, the King of Egypt, and many other matters; but we will only
give a small portion -- that which pertains to the destiny of the people whose
history we are following.
The prophecy opens with these words: "The word
that came to Jeremiah concerning all the Jews which dwell in the land of
Egypt." Note carefully the following: "I will take the remnant of
Judah, that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt to sojourn there,
and they shall all be consumed, and fall in the land of Egypt; they shall even
be consumed by the sword and by the famine; they shall die, from the least even
unto the greatest, by the sword and by the famine; and they shall be an
execration, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach," (Jer.
44:12).
The complete destruction of that company is foretold
in those words; yet the Lord has in that company a few persons whose lives he
has promised shall be spared. So,
before the prophecy continues much further the following proviso is given:
"None shall return but such as shall escape," (verse 14).
And before the prophecy is ended abundant provision
is made for the very few whom God has promised shall live. Hence we find in the prophecy as it
continues the following: "Behold I shall watch over them for evil, and not
for good; and all the men of Judah that are in the land of Egypt shall be
consumed by the sword and by the famine, until there be an end of them. Yet a small number that escape the sword
shall return out of the land of Egypt."
Remember that the masses of the house of Judah, of
the Jewish people, were in captivity in Babylon, where they were to stay for
seventy years. Also remember that this
remnant which came into Egypt were only the ragged end of the nation, i.e., the
poor of the land, and a few captains of small military forces. Now, the Lord proposes to destroy this
rag-tag remnant, out of which "a small number shall escape." Now, let
us take our bearings.
1. We have in this company, which has come down into
Egypt from Judea, "the King's daughters." Since the plural form of
speech is used there are at least two of them -- history says there were three.
These are the royal seed of the house of David, who are fleeing from the
slayers of their father, Zedekiah, the last King of the house of Judah, and the
slayers of their brothers, the sons of Zedekiah and princes of Judah.
2. In company with these princesses is Jeremiah,
their grandfather, whom also the Lord has chosen to do the work of building and
planting. In the princesses the
prophet has royal material with which to build and plant.
3. In company with Jeremiah and his royal charge we
have Baruch, his faithful scribe, whom expert genealogists prove to have been
uncle to the royal seed.
4. God has promised that the lives of this
"small number," only five or six at most, shall be to them a prey
(reward) in all lands whither they shall go.
5. Prior to this, at a time when Jeremiah was greatly
troubled, when in his great distress and anguish of heart he cried unto the
Lord, saying: "Remember me, visit me, and revenge me of my
persecutors"; then the Lord said, "Verily it shall be well with thy
remnant; verily I will cause the enemy to entreat thee well in the time of
evil and in the time of affliction. . . . And I will make thee to pass with
thine enemies into a land which thou knowest not," (Jer. 15:11-14).
Note the expression "thy remnant," i.e.,
Jeremiah's, for it is he who must build and plant that royal seed. Understand
also that Jeremiah and his little remnant were well acquainted with Egypt, and
since it was well known to them it could not have been their final destination.
Hence. this escaping royal remnant must journey back to Judea, and then --
whither?
"Into an unknown land!" Why?
"For out of Jerusalem shall go forth a remnant, and they that escape out
of Mount Zion [on which were the royal dwellings]. The zeal of the Lord of
hosts will do this. And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah
[royal line] shall again take root downward and bear fruit upward," (Isa.
37:32-31).
Hear it! O hear it! Ye men of earth, HEAR IT!
"Shall again take root downward" -- be planted! "and bear fruit
upward" -- be builded! Where? God should tell us where in His Word, and he
does.